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Drawing No. EH–MT–024 // Engineering Materials

Stainless Steel Properties

Reviewed August 2026

Type 304 is the familiar 18Cr-8Ni austenitic stainless steel and is used here as the stainless-steel reference. It combines corrosion resistance and ductility with lower thermal conductivity and higher thermal expansion than carbon steel.

Type 304 / EN 1.4301 · annealed referenceAustenitic stainless steelReference data — verify design allowables

Representative properties

Switch units without changing the underlying material reference.

Density
7,900 kg/m³
Representative reference value / range
Young’s modulus
200 GPa
Representative reference value / range
Poisson ratio
0.3
Representative reference value / range
Yield strength
≥210 MPa
Representative reference value / range
Tensile strength
≥520 MPa
Representative reference value / range
Thermal conductivity
15 W/(m·K)
Representative reference value / range
Specific heat
500 J/(kg·K)
Representative reference value / range
Thermal expansion
16 µm/(m·K)
Representative reference value / range
Melting / transition temperature
1,400–1,450 °C
Representative reference value / range
Why this basis matters: Stainless steels include austenitic, ferritic, martensitic, duplex and precipitation-hardening families. Their strength, magnetism, thermal expansion and corrosion behavior differ substantially.

What changes these properties?

Engineering variability

  • The stated strength values represent minimum/typical annealed 304-type data; cold-worked material can be much stronger.
  • Thermal conductivity rises with temperature while elastic modulus generally falls.
  • 304 has no single fixed ‘melting point’; alloy melting occurs over a solidus–liquidus interval.
  • Corrosion resistance depends on environment, surface condition, fabrication and exact chemistry.

Selection note

A strong general-purpose choice for corrosion-resistant sheet, plate, vessels, piping and fabricated equipment, but not a substitute for alloy-specific corrosion selection.

Do not combine strength from one grade/condition with modulus, thermal data or temperature limits from another without checking compatibility. Where the overview shows a range, it is intended to expose variability—not establish allowable bounds.

Property interpretation

Stiffness vs strength

Young’s modulus controls elastic deformation. Yield or fracture strength controls how far the material can be stressed. These are separate material characteristics.

Thermal response

Thermal conductivity controls temperature gradients, specific heat contributes to thermal inertia, and expansion controls thermally induced strain when movement is restrained.

Temperature transition

The final property card is deliberately labeled “melting / transition.” Metals often have a solidus–liquidus range; amorphous polymers and glass use softening or glass-transition concepts; concrete and wood decompose instead of exhibiting one clean melt point.

Technical sources

Source hierarchy favors manufacturers, industry associations, standards bodies and government engineering references. Strength data must still be reconciled with the exact procurement specification.

Related materials

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